The legacy of parents passes only to the son. While this may sound offensive, it doesnt have to be. Series of Aryan migration to Kathmandu led to increased population and formation of a complex urban and caste-based society. [8] Among them, most notable migration was the advent of later Malla and Chathariya/Kshatriya and their Maithil Brahmins and others like the Khadgis (butchers), Dobhi, among others, with conquest of Karnat kingdom in 1324 CE by Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq, the founder of the Tughlaq dynasty and Sultan of Delhi. Despite historical persecution, exclusion and cultural encroachment, the indigenous Dhimals still live in 97 Dhimal villages . Given below is a list of Gotra and Thari in Nepal: Courier/Cargo/Logistics Company in Kathmandu,Nepal, Best Ayurveda Hospitals/Clinics in Kathmandu,Nepal, Chauchau Recipes All You Need To Know About. This in turn will make them easier to be preserved since a tradition or a ritual only truly dies when no one remembers it. They are categorized by family deity and single gotra. It is of due importance in the Hindu culture, especially concerning marriage- the system forbids people from the same Gotra from getting married. Historically, Kshetri has been part of the some of the powerful Pahari empires as Khas Empire and Gorkha Empire. Pokhara has become a cultural confluence of more than 80 different ethnic and caste groups ( Adhikari, 2000 ). Then the mans special relationship with his ideals is raised, a special place in this mandala also has three species of animals associated with man a cow, a dog and a crow. Notable Newar people:-. A young couple usually lives with the grooms family together with his parents, brothers and their wives and unmarried sisters. Surnames in Mandabya gotra include Panthi, Bajgai, Gyawali, Maskey, Katuwal, Bajhai. The legal recognition to caste and all the discriminatory laws made on the grounds of caste were ceased. Traditional caste barriers have been broken down as a result of such social mobility. This page was last changed on 2 September 2022, at 05:52. [6] All of the Prime Minister of Nepal between 1768 and 1950 were Chhetris with the exception of Ranga Nath Poudyal, being a Brahmin. The surname Khatri Chhetri in actual is the misinterpretation of the original name Katyuris Kshatriyas, which eventually changed a long time back . It is a form of millennium old ancient worship continued till date. jim martin death couples massage class san diego beaver falls football gelal caste in nepal. The surnames under Kaushik gotra are Baniya, Thami, Phuyal, Luitel, Basnet, Budhathoki, Bistha, Basnet, Bidari, Dhungana, Dhital, Gaudel, Majhi, Pudaisini, Regmi, Sanjel, Sijapati, Dhital, Dhungana, Raghubansi, Rimal, Khadka, People with Gautam gotra have the following surnames, Dangal, Pandey, Tripathi, Chanda, Bam, Tiwari. Box 107 Kathmandu, Nepal Tel : + (977-1) 5523200 Fax : + (977-1) 5523991, 5523986 Website : www . This greatly exceeds the Kshatriya portion in most regions with predominantly Hindu populations. After the Rana regime, caste rules relating to food, drink and intercaste marriage were openly louted but the Muluki Ain had not been abrogated. List of Some popular gotras and Nepali surnames belonging to it:-Agasti ( . When this happens people will know how to perform each and every ritual of Nepal, regardless of the Castes. Thapa is an ancient Paikela (warrior) rank in the medieval Khasa Kingdom of Western Nepal. Chhetri people, traditional soldiers and administrators are considered as chettri community.Many chhetris are mixture of Khas and Magar people, that is the reasons why many Magar people and Chhetri people have similar Surnames 'Chathariya Shrha' are the descendants of Malla and Licchavi rulers, their nobles and courtier clans and are considered as Kshatriyas of Newar community. Only men are made as priests. In the court struggle for power, Pande Khalaks and Thapa Khalaks were fierce opponents. It will be pretty hard to identify someone if everyone had the same caste. It is said that the great king of Nepal Prithibhi Narayan Shah(1723-75) went to Banaras, India and changed his Gotra from 'Bharadwaj' to 'Kasyap' to remain free from the sin of 'Gotra Hatya'(killing of own clan) during unification of Nepal. Similarly, serious limitations and oversights of this code include the complete exclusion of the large middle-ranking Terai groups. Caste is broader term used to represent certain group of people like - poudel, basnet, neupane, khadka, shrestha etc. Caste has been the central feature in Nepal to . It is believed that in the twelfth century, during the Islamic invasion in India, Brahmins Brahmans emigrated to the western hills of Nepal. Narayanhiti Palace Museum. However, this has not happened yet but we are hopeful. In 1963, Legal Code was replaced by New 1964 Legal Code. The Nepalese have many racial, cultural, and linguistic similarities to the people of northern India. Most of the Newar are Hindus, but some practice an Indian form of Buddhism. Paper presented at National Dialogue Conference on ILO Convention 169 on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples, Kathmandu, 1920 January 2005. Reply. We welcome. In the rural context, the traditional subsistence agriculture system and age-old caste structure have significantly changed, and a relationship based on wage labour on land is being developed.[25]. Here is the most comprehensive list of Nepali surnames and titles of various ethnic groups of Nepal. Many also beg and scavenge for a living. Gotra came into existence from the great Sapta Rishi and their offsprings. Log In Rajputs and Thakuris are sometimes considered as subcaste of Kshetri while they have distinct cultural difference with mainstream Kshetris. Here are some most common Nepali surnames - Adhikari, Poudel/Paudel,Bhatttarai,Nepal,Dahal,Regmi,Khanal,Ghimire,Pokharel,Magar,Shreshtha,Gurung,Rai. Brahmarshi Atri was one of the Sapta Rishis- the luminous sages in Hindu culture). [31] There are no quotas for the Khas community who fall under Bahun-Chhetri-thakuri hierarchy. Now, they usually marry later, but still do not begin living with their husbands until they have matured. The civil service representation to population ratio is 1.18 times for Kshetri. The Bhardwaj gotra came from him. Kathmandu consists largest Kshetri population.[7]. Caste, State, and Ethnic Boundaries in Nepal. Dhimal Caste. According to 1854 Muluki Ain (Legal Code) of Nepal, Kshetris belong to sacred thread bearers (Yagyopavit) and twice born (Dvija) Hindus.[1]. 48.61% of the total population speak the language as a mother tongue. Most Nepalese live in small villages in hilly terrain and are accustomed to traveling long distances on foot. The source of Brahmin and Chhetrich income living in villages is cattle breeding and field cultivation. [3] On 28 May 2008, it was declared a republic,[4] ending the period of the Hindu Kingdom. The village affairs are managed by a formally or informally formed council of elders, in which Brahmini and Chhetri often play a significant role due to the status of landowners and relatively high education. Hindu houses are illuminated with a multitude of lamps both from the outside and inside and illuminate with light throughout the night. Some of these names are shared among Bahuns and Thakuris, indicating a common Khas origin among these higher castes.Examples of occupation-derived surnames are Adhikari ("official"), Khadka ("sword-bearer") and Kunwar ("prince"). Terai and Newar Brahmins and Kshatriyas were officially placed below their Khas equivalents. Sources mention two hundred eighty-four Khas surnames exist as of today. Brahmans are known in Nepali as "Bahuns." As a result of occupational changes, increased education, their own efforts to emulate the upper castes and consolidation of political power, urban Dalits in the Terai have moved up in status. They are known for their cheerfulness, good humor, resourcefulness, and self-confidence. The costumes of the community become costumes of folk dancers and folk dance has been practiced in our . Ask God to bless worship and intercession by Christians from other countries who come to prayer-walk in Nepal. Acharya > Newar-Brahman > Rajopadhyaya In the end, Kunwars betrayed Thapa groups by murdering the Thapa leader Mathabar Singh Thapa. At the end of the eighteenth century, Nepal was united by kings who were the ancestors of Thakuri the aristocratic wing of the Chhetri caste. The nobility of the Gorkha Kingdom mainly originated from Chhetri families. The man is responsible for the plowing and proper maintenance of the terraces. Before making travel plans based on data presented here, please confirm with other sources to the extent possible. Nepalese girls were traditionally married before they reached the age of ten. The fact is that a vast majority of the Khas have never been Hinduised, let alone 'Chhetri-ised'. The mothers communities continue to suffer from caste-based were included in the study if . The third term is moksha, signifying liberation from the suffering circle of birth and death. Historically, the caste system justified the subjugation of lower castes, allowing upper-caste Nepalis to use their status to gain security and power. There they encountered a Khas caste, people of a Brahmin-like culture, who in the caste order never found themselves lower, which is related to their orthodox system of principles. In Nepal, the Brahmin caste is traditionally considered to be one of the four main castes, along with Chhetri, Vaishya, and Sudra. Sankhadhar Sakhwa (879 AD) philanthropist, related to Nepal Sambat. When a boy turns 7, his hair is cut off a small strand of hair is left behind to indicate that he belongs to the Hindu culture and formally becomes a member of the caste. Chhetri is Nepalese local colloquial term for Kshatriya. Nepal opened its borders in 1951. 19.9% of the total district population). After two weeks, a great feast takes place. Roughly 260 . Surnames like Shahi, Chand, Hamal, Sen, Sihan etc. "Chapter 3. Dashain and Tihar are primary festivals of Pahadi Hindu castes. "Drafting the 1990 Constitution." In Michael Hutt, ed., Nepal in the Nineties, 1994. The surnames are Pade, Ghimire, Bogati, Budhathoki, Gartaula, Badal, Tiwari. They have played a more dominant role than have any other group in the formation of the modern Nepalese state. This custom was traditionally only prevalent in the three Indo Aryan societies of the Khas, Madhesi, and Newars. Most surnames under Atreya Gotra includes Dawadi, Paudel, Rosyara, Sigdel, Sharma, Thapa, Bhatta, Duwadi, Aryal, Devkota, Dulal, Kalikote, Khadka, Pokharel. Generally, the Parvate/Pahari (hilly) Kshatriyas are called as Kshetris or Khas Kshetris. However, NLSS data suggest that there is a marked difference in the poverty status between Brahmin and Chhetri. They also run all the marital rituals. Hutt, Michael. Very few of the Nepalese in Nepal know Jesus. Kshetri commonly have warrior like deities as Bhadrakali, Kalika Bhawani and different forms of Goddess Kali as female deity and Rudra, Veerbhadra (ferocious forms of Shiva) as male deity. Gurung, H. (2005). List of ethnic caste-groups in Nepal by population. People from Vishwamitra/ Kaushika gotra use this word as a surname too. Full list of family names of hilly, Himalayas, terai, Madhesh regions. Angira was a Vedic rishi known as the teacher of divine knowledge. And in Nepal, caste wise there are three caste having surname Bhandari. They are Saptarishis (, the famous 7 sages) - Kashyapa, Atri, Vashista, Vishwamitra, Gautama, Jamadagni, Bharadvaja, and the 8th is Agastya [1][2].There are 49 established Hindu gotras today[3] all of which are themselves or evolved from . Profile. Despite the forceful integration by the state into the pan-Hindu social structure, the traditionally non-Hindu groups and tribes do not necessarily adhere to the customs and practices of the caste system. [2][3] Hill-Kshetri, Kshetri, Chhetri, Pahadi Chhetri and Khas Kshetri are all used to denote this caste. The venerated sage in Hindu culture is behind the Bishwamitra gotra. [18] Jung Bahadur Rana, founder of Rana dynasty also belonged to the Chhetri community. Scripture Prayers for the Chhetri in Nepal. They generally worship their clan deity (Kul Devta), friendly deity (Ishta Devta) and Khas Masto deities. Human Resources Development Research Center, Kathmandu. Register Chhetri . Karmacharyas and Joshis were all-together stripped off their Brahmin status by these new and arguably more well-read Brahmins, and assimilated them in the Kshatriya/Chathariya. Regardless of which caste or ethnicity you belong to, it is just a form of identification but nothing more. In 1963, a law (New Muluki Ain-1963) was passed making it illegal to discriminate against other castes led all castes to be equally treated by the law. Surnames are Karki, Marhatta, Kattel, Dhimal. They are descended from old warriors of Khas Kingdom. The social values preached by the Muluki Ain, however, were providing restrictive, anachronic and out of step with the spirit of times. From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, https://books.google.com.np/books?id=gnJuAAAAMAAJ, https://books.google.com.np/books?id=CVLeCQAAQBAJ, " , ", https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kshetri&oldid=8422524, "Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, Articles containing Nepali (macrolanguage)-language text, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. [1] Among them, the district with largest Chhetri population is Kathmandu district with 347,754 (i.e. [4] The 5 main Chhetri families at Royal court of Nepal formed group called Kaji Khalak (Aristocrats). Historically, surnames evolved as a way to sort people into groups - by occupation, place of origin, clan affiliation, patronage, parentage, adoption, and even physical characteristics (like red hair). 15,630, Dalit Rs. Some of the different castes and the respective dresses worn by them are Bahun, Chhetri, Gutung, Limbu, Magar, Maithili, Newar, Raute, Rai, etc. MOPE (2002). Also, girls go through puberty rites and boys go through initiations known as "sacred thread ceremonies." The Newah, one of the most cultured ethnic groups in Nepal, were the country's earliest inhabitants. The Sage Atreya is the person behind Atreya Gotra. However, people have been disseminating information about the need to change this system. Nepal's caste system was and continues to be quite complex. [20], Participation of Khas-Brahmins in the civil service is 41.3% in spite of its population size of 12.2%. Dance is completed in Nepal with traditional, classical, and music. Nepal Profile. Nepal's "unifier," Prithvi Narayan Shah, once called Nepal "a garden of four varnas (castes) and 36 sub-castes . of Nepal and a New Constitution A Resource on the Situation of Dalits in Nepal, their Demands and the Implications for a new Constitution Compiled by: United Nations Development Programme Kathmandu, September 2008 UNDP Nepal UN House, Pulchowk G.P.O. Although violent acts are sometimes seen against them, especially when one of them enters, or terraces peacefully while walking the main artery of the city, nevertheless they are considered as holy beings. [3][4] Chhetri was a caste of administrators, governor and military elites in the medieval Khas Kingdom and Gorkha Kingdom (later unified Kingdom of Nepal). [16] His grandson Bhimsen Thapa became Mukhtiyar (Prime Minister) of Nepal. Their simple, primitively decorated houses are an expression of the lack of artistic inspiration, although it is common knowledge that Brahmins like to dance and they know how. They speak Nepali, which is the country's official language. As the first line of our . Instead, nature worship, shamanism and ancestor worship was more common in sync with Tibetan spirituality among the Sino-Tibetan groups. "Nepal: Deadly caste-based attacks spur outcry over social discrimination | DW | 16.06.2020", "Birenda, 55, Ruler of Nepal's Hindu Kingdom". Essentially, the people of the priestly caste do not eat meat, but this rule is not usually used in Nepal. Ahntastic Adventures in Silicon Valley [6], According to 2011 Nepal census, Kshetri stands as the most populous group in Nepal with 16.6% of Nepal's population (or 43,98,053 peoples). The clothes are used according to their geographical belt in Nepal. He symbolizes the Ursa Major or the Great bear along with the seven stars surrounding it. Chhetri's Mother Sushila Chhetri played for the Nepal women's national team along with her twin sister. It was rooted in traditional Hindu Law and codified social practices for several centuries in Nepal. (Gharti Chhetri), Basnyat/Basnet, Bham, Majhi, Mudula, Bhandari, Bista/Bisht, Budha, Budhathoki, Gaura bagale, Ghatala, Heita, Heta, Hetal, Chauhan, Thakulla, Thagunna, Chhetri, Dhami, D.C(Dangi Chhetri), Deoja, Kottari, Godar, Kalikote, Karki, Katawal, Khadga, Khadka, Kharka, Khati, Khati Khadka, Khadgaha, khaptari, berma, Kadayat, Kathayat, Khadka, Khatri/Khatri Chhetri(K.C. Prayer is the key to reaching the Nepalese with the Gospel. As the Shah rulers conquered more territories and people, the concept of caste hierarchy more firmly applied as an organizing principle to consolidate diverse people under their authority. [19] Education is free and open to all castes. The caste system is still intact today but the rules are not as rigid as they were in the past. Khas Brahmins come next with an average income of Rs. While it is indeed slowly reducing, the process of removing discrimination is a long process. Gangalal Shrestha (1919-1941), Freedom Fighter, Martyr. The above verse explains the duties, characters and behaviours of Kshatriya warrior. Recommended Links:94 Intriguing Newari Surnames and Caste Based on their Traditional Occupation21 Bold Nepali Names as Surnames100 Popular Nepali Brahmin Surnames Or Last Names, By RegionThe fear of Inter-Caste Marriage in Nepal 5 reasons why it makes sense and 5 reasons why it does not! In 1854, early in the period of Rana rule, a National Legal Code (Muluki Ain) was proclaimed that laid out detailed codes for inter-caste behavior and specified punishments for their infringement.[11]. This is done to avoid confusion regarding the current reality of a people group, to fix grammar and spelling and to avoid potentially offensive wording. Some are even specific to one specific subcaste of the surname. - Few evangelicals, but many who identify as Christians. Not all Khas people have accepted this status, the remaining group of Matvali Chhetris, that is, those who drink liquor and are not the heirs of the sacred legacy. We may not think about the meaning or significance of our surname, but it can actually tell us a lot about our family history. ' Baniya' Baniya belongs to Chhetri's community of Nepal. In middle and southern Nepal, the land has been terraced for generations. Objects owned by the deceased are donated to the priest who led the ceremony. They do not marry with the members of their whole maternal clan and members of their parents' maternal families as per popular quote. There are many rites of passage for children, such as the first rice feeding and the first haircut. After democracy in Nepal, Kshetris were still visible in the government especially dominating Panchayati government and still monopolizing military. Maharani Lalita Tripurasundari (nee Thapa). ethnic identity, or the caste system in Nepal. It should be noted here that the Bahun-Chhetri who belong to Caucasian race have been the dominant ruling caste group in Nepal for the last two and half centuries (Bhattachan, Hemchuri, . Chhetris, who look like the Brahmins also have an Indo-Aryan origin, have been traditionally classified as warriors and administrators. [1] Chhetris speak an Indo-Aryan Nepali language (Khas-Kura) as mother tongue. Goats, sheep and all variations and forms of them, are fully allowed. Population: Approx. All of these groups have held onto their traditional animistic beliefs (a belief that non-human objects have spirits). The Newar population of Nepal was estimated to be about 1,250,000 in the early 21st century. Bhadrakali, a popular form of Goddess Kali, is the main deity of the Nepalese Army (previously Gorkhali Army) due to prevalence of Kshetri commanders.
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