Born 7th September 1533 , Elizabeth was the daughter of Henry VIII and his second wife, Anne Boleyn. Overall then, despite the question of legitimacy being extremely important due to the fact that Elizabeth could not count on the support of many English Catholics and the fact that it allowed a rival in Scotland to have claims to the throne, the immediate concerns of Elizabeth were of a more practical nature. Boston Spa, - Invasion was a major threat because of the power of the countries France and Spain. 2) This war was not a success. Francis Drake is knighted on the Golden Hind. - Overall, I think the threat of invasion was one of Elizabeth's problems when she became queen as both Spain and France were powerful countries who had reasons to invade England and this was increased as Spain and France could unite against Protestant England. Another suitor for Elizabeth was Prince Eric of Sweden, later King Eric of Sweden. In 1581, Protestant rebels in the Netherlands declared independence from Spain and established a Dutch republic. Probably at the core of Elizabeth's decision to remain single was an unwillingness to compromise her power. France however, thought her intention was to create war between France and Spain while England looked on. Elizabeth and the Netherlands Issue - 1576-1584 (GCSE Example - Tutor2u The aim was to rid France of heresy (Protestantism). Most of the new ships were being built in the deepwater port Portuguese port of Lisbon which was protected by strong fortifications. The Spanish responded by doing the same to the English. 214 High Street, This focused on dividing the poor into the able-bodied and the impotent. Topic guides / However, the Catholic Church bans divorce which presented a problem for Henry as he could not legally get rid of Catherine. France was to be a constant thorn in the side of Elizabeth I throughout her reign. No Payment details required and completelyRisk Free. If Elizabeth made England a Protestant country, he could become a dangerous enemy. By studying this week, students should have an understanding of: . Indeed, the Ridolfi Plot of 1571 was even led by one of the Popes spies, Roberto Ridolfi. Francis Drake led an attack at Cadiz on the Spanish fleet, who were preparing for an invasion of the English. The evidence was enough to persuade Elizabeth to put Mary on trial and eventually execute her for treason. PDF What problems did Elizabeth face in 1558? - WordPress.com "the threat of invasions was Elizabeth's main problem when she became queen in 1558" - 2nd explanation. Boston House, What happened to Elizabeth I in 1554? - Answers In order to marry Anne Boleyn, Henry VIII had to divorce his first wife, Catherine of Aragon. For example, from 1567, Elizabeth allowed the Dutch sea beggars to shelter in English harbours (from where they then attacked Spanish ships in the English Channel who were making their way with men and materiel to support Albas mission). Edward was born on 12 October 1537 in his mother's room inside Hampton Court Palace, in Middlesex. 2002-2023 Tutor2u Limited. "the threat of invasions was Elizabeth's main problem when she became queen in 1558" - 1st point + explanation. The leading figure involved in the plot was Francis Throckmorton, a young Catholic man who carried messages between Mary and Catholic conspirators abroad. Drake also managed to capture a Spanish ship called the. PDF Elizabethan England 155888. (Paper 2) Model - The Oakwood Academy After inheriting the throne from her sister Mary I, Elizabeth was 300,000 in debt. Spymaster and Secretary of State from 1573 Francis Walsingham uncovered the plot. [This summary of factors helps re- establish conceptual focus]. Spain had become a great military power as Phillip ruled Spain, the Netherlands and parts of Italy. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. 214 High Street, He chose to sail around Scotland and Ireland which presented a dangerous route which the Spanish sailors were unfamiliar with. Elizabeth and Philipthese two powerful peoplewould begin their relationship peacefully, even warmly, but they would become enemies, facing off in a battle of empires and faiths that would . VAT reg no 816865400. Elizabeth I: Facts About The 'Virgin Queen', Daughter Of Anne Boleyn For two weeks of the second half of November, Catholic mass was heard at Durham Cathedral too (with all evidence of Protestantism destroyed). They Schools can qualify for all our resources for free. This established a new Anglo-Scottish peace and also reconfirmed the agreement at Cateau-Cambresis. Describe two threats posed by Mary Queen of Scots to Elizabeth in 1568 4. Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorland was part of the rebellion against Queen Elizabeth. Throughout her reign, Elizabeth was engaged in expensive financial issues, especially foreign policy. "The Scarlet Ibis" would be a different story if it were told from Doodle's point of view. 2. In Europe, the 1570s saw some of the worst atrocities of the protracted fall-out of the Reformation. However, the Privy Council had put huge pressure on Elizabeth to marry and urged her to take a husband in late 1559, which suggests that the Privy Council would have agreed on a suitor had there been someone suitable as they realised the importance of securing a Protestant English throne and the Tudor dynasty, and perhaps it was this lack of a suitable suitor that caused Elizabeth to remain . Tel: +44 0844 800 0085. Who we are Changelog Terms of Service Privacy Policy FAQ Sitemap, Psychology History Sociology Business Studies, Psychology Sociology Business Studies Mathematics, Latest Posts Resources Workbooks Past Papers. Why Queen Elizabeth I signed a death warrant to execute the - HISTORY They were not able to do this because the English used their greater manoeuvrability to stay out of range while firing broadsides (massive barrages of cannonballs) that could sink the Spanish ships. In this sense, the colonisation of Virginia should be understood in relation to the wider conflict with Spain. Those involved planned for an invasion of England by French troops and were financed by Phillip II of Spain and the Pope. In 1554 Mary had Elizabeth imprisoned in the Tower of London, briefly threatened her with execution, and then placed her under house arrest. Overview of Elizabeth I / Freshwater supplies were lost and many tons of food rotted as the fleet eventually sailed to England in 1588. Elizabeth I - the last Tudor monarch - was born at Greenwich on 7 September 1533, the daughter of Henry VIII and his second wife, Anne Boleyn. When are the GCSE exams for 2020?Which exam board are you studying? At the start of her reign in 1558, Elizabeth faced many problems it was a very tumultuous time for her. Boston House, This was due to the actions of her father, Henry VIII, in 1533. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. To her credit, when Elizabeth died in 1603, the nation was only in debt to the tune of 350,000 - 123,000 more than in 1558, but spread over the duration of her reign, this represented just under 3,000 a year. The English sent 8 fireships loaded with flammable materials in the middle of the night towards the anchored Spanish ships. The plan was supported by various Catholic nobles, including the Earls of Northumberland and Westmorland as this would mean Elizabeth (a Protestant) could be succeeded by a Catholic queen. This included: 1) the Act of Supremacy which stated that Elizabeth was Head of the Church, 2) the Act of Uniformity which set out expectations for church appearances and church services and 3) Royal Injunctions a set of instructions reinforcing the Acts of Supremacy and Uniformity. Student / How far do you agree with the view that Elizabeth remained single Elizabeth I - reigned from 1558-1603 Elizabeth I's first rebellion to deal with was the Shane O'Neill Rebellion, which occurred in Ireland and lasted from 1558-1567. No, Francis in Reign does not have a child. By 1568 most people had accepted. . Queen Elizabeth had become aware of this plan and in 1587, sent her most successful privateer, Sir Francis Drake, to spy on Spanish preparations and attack their ships and supplies. The Pope, as head of the Catholic Church, could rally support for these plots and for some Catholics, obeying the Pope was more important than obedience to Elizabeth. The rebellion involved a force of approximately 5500 men and, for approximately a month, the north of England (from Alnwick to Pontefract, east of the Pennines) was in the control of the northern earls. LS23 6AD Study notes, videos, interactive activities and more! Pope Pius V excommunicates Elizabeth from the Catholic Church. Another extremely important problem Elizabeth faced were the threats from the Auld Alliance of France and Scotland, two Catholic countries that England was sandwiched between. Walsingham had established a large spy network and was able to intercept letters of Catholic conspirators and work with an expert cryptographer to decode them. From there we will look at the career . To what extent should changes in the relationship between monarchy and Elizabeth I and Spain - History Learning Site Explain why Elizabeth faced many problems upon ascending to the throne in 1558 . A number of Catholic plots to remove Elizabeth in the 1570s and 1580s had his involvement although he was reluctant and half-hearted in their execution. Crucially, when the Spanish ships docked in English ports, the gold was seized by Elizabeth. The conspirators including Babington were all. William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley | English statesman Thereafter, up to 11,000 English Catholics were either arrested or placed under surveillance. PDF GCSE History Elizabethan Age, 1558-1603 Revision guide It was the arrival of Mary which also partly contributed to the revolt of the Northern Earls in 1569, which had brief success. Tel: +44 0844 800 0085. In 1565 the Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire proposed that Elizabeth marry Archduke Charles of Austria. She managed these difficulties with great pragmatism and opportunism, reducing the threat of invasion. How significant was the threat to Elizabeth I, posed by her Roman Catholic subjects in the years 1558-1588? why was france a threat to elizabeth in 1558 - Dovskapets.com Insolvency therefore limited the choices of the new Queen and instantly undermined her power. The Spanish plan to meet the Duke of Parma at Dunkirk was seriously flawed. Foreign Policy 1553 to 1558 - History Learning Site Henry himself gave people cause . - death of henry II. France however, thought her intention was to create war between France and Spain while England looked on. Instead, her goal was to ensure freedom of worship for Dutch Protestants and protect Englands Military, commercial and strategic interests listed above. Company Reg no: 04489574. The English also had better tactics that were more effective. This led to a rampage of Spanish soldiers and the sacking of Antwerp. What were the causes of westward The Elizabethan Religious Settlement - World History Encyclopedia gcse history 16 mark answer - The Student Room Foreign Affairs. [Referencing this date is very good, because it demonstrates to the examiner awareness of WHY the question includes this date in the first place. Marys clear awareness and support of the Babington plot led to her being sentenced to death in October 1586. There was also a fear that France and Scotland, alongside Spain, could launch an invasion of England as part of a greater Catholic crusade against the rogue English Protestant nation. Norfolk was also expected to marry Mary. The New World, privateering and the significance of the activities of Sir Francis Drake. There were several factors that influenced Queen Elizabeths decision to sign the Treaty of Nonsuch including: Elizabeth believed in Divine Right and due to this, she didnt want to remove King Phillip as the ruler of Netherlands. As the war ended, Philip II of Spain wanted to stay on good . Anne was executed less than three years after Elizabeth's birth.
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